Presentation By Group 7 Road Accidents

 

NAME OF LECTURER: NORIZAN BINTI YUSOF

GROUP: 7 (ROAD ACCIDENT IN MALAYSIA)

1.NUR AMALIN HUSNA BINTI AHMAD (PC21057)

2. NUR SYASYA BINTI SAMSO (PC21042)

3.MUHAMMAD HARITH BIN ZAWADI (PC21070)

4.MUHAMMAD ANIQ IZZUDDIN BIN MOHD LOTPEY(PC21145)

5. NURUL FARAHANIS BINTI ABDUL AZIZ (PC21053

INTERVIEW ABOUT ROAD ACCIDENTS

 

 This interview discussed experiences in road accidents. 

💬Interviewer: Muhammad Aniq Izzuddin 

💬Interviewee: Muhammad Hariss Zikry

Interviewee Background:

Name: Muhammad Hariss Zikry Bin Ramli

From: Faculty Management and Business (UITM)

1. Describe or briefly describe the accident situation?

In my whole life, I have never been in a vehicle accident. It happened on the way to graduation two years ago. Everything is still fresh in my mind. I was with a friend who is unable to drive. We had an enjoyable day and decided to go to college from KL to Melaka. Unfortunately, I was unable to return home shortly after because I was engaged in a car accident caused by severe rain, in which the vehicle I was driving lost control. The road became slick because of the heavy rain. What occurred that afternoon affected the way I drove; it taught me some crucial lessons and convinced me that life is too short to take things for granted.

2. What is the value of the loss or any injuries you face in that situation?

As a result of the accident, my car was in a bad condition and the estimated cost of the repair was in the five thousand and me and my friend did not suffer any serious injuries only suffered long-term trauma. The collision taught me to be more cautious in my activities; it showed me that driving is a privilege, not a game

3. What things would you like to suggest or a solution to a road accident you’ve ever had?

Please don't drive if you're tired since you'll risk yourself and others on the road. Take a stop at a nearby petrol station or R&R spot if you start to feel drowsy. Before continuing your adventure, take a sleep and get some rest. It's preferable to begin in the morning after a restful night's sleep, rather than after a long and exhausting day at work. To keep fresh and aware, take regular breaks along the trip.

DECISION MAKING: IDENTIFY POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS AND INTERVIEW WITH EXPERTS

 

1. Problem Solving Process

Preventing accidents and fatalities is easy when you know what to do.

Sometimes it's the obvious things that can have the largest impact. You know the statistics you've taken the classes and you're ready to drive. But what about all those facts that say teen drivers are most likely to have an accident?

If you follow these common sense steps, you will be taking the most important steps to ensuring you avoid an accident.

1. Develop the right attitude about driving. Many teen auto accidents are a result of attitude and maturity, not skills or knowledge. Make a commitment to yourself to practice a responsible attitude about driving. You're controlling over 3,000 pounds of fast-moving metal, and you owe it to yourself, your passengers and other drivers to drive responsibly.

 

2. Get as much supervised practice driving as possible. Your parents should take an active role in your practice driving. Make a firm schedule with them and stick to it. And keep it up until you take your test to get a license.
   Many states now have graduated licensing laws. To learn about the laws in your state visit the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety.

 

3. Always wear your safety belt. Get into the habit of wearing a safety belt whenever you are in a car, whether as a driver or a passenger - no exceptions.

 

4. Underage drinking and drug use is illegal. Even if you've consumed only one drink or smoked one joint, there is a chemical effect on your brain that can impair judgment and reaction time. Driving under the influence of alcohol, marijuana or other drugs can cost you your license - or your life. Visit Above the Influence for more facts on drug use.

 

5. Limit your passengers. The risk of a fatal crash increases with every additional passenger. When you're a new driver, it is best to limit your number of passengers.

 

6. Limit your night driving. The risk of a fatal crash is three times higher at night than in the day for every mile driven. It's better to avoid night time driving until you're comfortable driving during the day.

 

7. Keep it slow and safe for starters. Fast-moving, high volumes of traffic can make you feel uncomfortable, so avoid them until you can get enough supervised driving experience. Then you can gradually introduce more difficult driving situations, like highway driving, merging and driving in cities.

 

8. Train for poor weather conditions. Even when you begin to feel confident driving on dry pavement, it's best to avoid driving in bad weather conditions unsupervised. Keep it simple at first, and get as much supervised practice driving in poor weather as you can before trying it on your own.

 

9. Cell phones are for emergency use only on the road. One of the worst habits anyone can get into is talking on a cell phone while driving. Keep a cell phone with you in the car for emergency situations only. If you have to use a cell phone, pull safely over to the side of the road.

 

10. Drive a safe vehicle. If you are thinking of getting your own car, look for one with high safety ratings. Avoid small cars, trucks or sport utility vehicles. Check out federal statistics and consumer report literature to help to evaluate the safety rating of a car or truck. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (the people who do the crash tests) offers valuable vehicle and safety test advisories.

CREATE NEW IDEA

Based on all information from reading exercises and expert interviews. The other prevention we can do is;

1. Cell phones are for emergency use only on the road. One of the worst habits anyone can get into is talking on a cell phone while driving. Keep a cell phone with you in the car for emergency situations only. If you have to use a cell phone, pull safely over to the side of the road.

2. Drive a safe vehicle. If you are thinking of getting your own car, look for one with high safety ratings. Avoid small cars, trucks or sport utility vehicles. Check out federal statistics and consumer report literature to help to evaluate the safety rating of a car or truck. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (the people who do the crash tests) offers valuable vehicle and safety test advisories.

3. Keep alert at all times. This is highlighted to the pedestrian, the common accident occurs when the pedestrian is not focused during crossing the road. As an example they are using their phone or chatting with each other. As a result, it's giving them distraction and leading to accidents. So put them away when you are walking because you need both your eyes and ears to be vigilant on the road.

4. Avoid tailgating. Drivers following too closely behind the vehicle in front of them is a common cause for rear-end collisions. The driver should keep their distance at least 2 second behind the vehicle in front of you, this will help you recognise the different stopping distances for vehicles of different weights and sizes.

The best prevention for accident is;

1. Develop the right attitude about driving. Many teen auto accidents are a result of attitude and maturity, not skills or knowledge. Make a commitment to yourself to practice a responsible attitude about driving. You're controlling over 3,000 pounds of fast-moving metal, and you owe it to yourself, your passengers and other drivers to drive responsibly.

2. Always wear your safety belt. Get into the habit of wearing a safety belt whenever you are in a car, whether as a driver or a passenger - no exceptions.

3. Limit your night driving. The risk of a fatal crash is three times higher at night than in the day for every mile driven. It's better to avoid night time driving until you're comfortable driving during the day.

4. Cell phones are for emergency use only on the road. One of the worst habits anyone can get into is talking on a cell phone while driving. Keep a cell phone with you in the car for emergency situations only. If you have to use a cell phone, pull safely over to the side of the road.

5. Drive a safe vehicle. If you are thinking of getting your own car, look for one with high safety ratings. Avoid small cars, trucks or sport utility vehicles. Check out federal statistics and consumer report literature to help to evaluate the safety rating of a car or truck. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (the people who do the crash tests) offers valuable vehicle and safety test advisories.

6. Keep alert at all times. This is highlighted to the pedestrian, the common accident occurs when the pedestrian is not focused during crossing the road. As an example they are using their phone or chatting with each other. As a result, it's giving them distraction and leading to accidents. So put them away when you are walking because you need both your eyes and ears to be vigilant on the road.

7. Avoid tailgating. Drivers following too closely behind the vehicle in front of them is a common cause for rear-end collisions. The driver should keep their distance at least 2 second behind the vehicle in front of you, this will help you recognise the different stopping distances for vehicles of different weights and sizes.

 

SEARCH FOR INFORMATION, INFORMATION MANAGEMENT FOR SOLUTIONS (Relevance Information and references)

 

SOLUTIONS TO PREVENT CAR ACCIDENTS

1. Reduce speed limit

The global community is investing in motor transportation systems especially private vehicles on a large scale. While the automobile industry provides advantages, it has negative effects including high number of casualties due to road accidents. As the COVID-19 pandemic began to rise, it was suddenly time to ‘return’ the streets of the city to its inhabitants. Therefore, it is important to limit the speed of motor vehicles at the current rate of other users such as pedestrians and cyclists mixed in the normal traffic flow.

https://www.bharian.com.my/rencana/komentar/2021/07/845117/kurangkan-had-kelajuan-lindungi-pengguna-jalan-raya

2. Use public transportation

Public transport services are seen to be much safer than any private transport available in the country. Road Safety Specialist, Professor Dr. Kulanthayan KC Mani said, it is following that public transport was identified to contribute the least number of deaths due to road accidents. He said that for 2019, the number of road accidents reported in the country was 567,516 cases and did not rule out the number if mixed with unreported road accident cases may have recorded a higher figure. “If broken down by seconds, one case of a road accident is reported to occur every 55 seconds in the country and that is the magnitude of the problem.

https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/88220/BERITA/Nasional/Pengangkutan-awam-lebih-selamat 

3. Keep the distance when driving

Maintaining a safe distance while driving is essential for safe travel. It not only applies to cars driving behind you only, but it also serves as a reminder to you not to follow the car in front of you too closely.

https://bjak.my/blog/cara-untuk-kekal-jarak-selamat-ketika-memandu-di-jalan-raya/

4. Follow the rules

Every law that has been made is for our own safety. In other words, we have to follow the rules and we have to do our best to avoid frequent accidents. In addition, we can reduce road accidents by introducing heavy penalties for traffic offenses. Authorities can increase summonses for drivers who break the rules. Each offender is required to pay a summons. If they can’t make the payment, they will send it to jail. This will prevent the public from committing the offense a second time for fear of the punishment that has been made.

https://mediapermata.com.bn/sentiasa-hati-hati-patuhi-peraturan-jalan-raya/

5. Scheduled maintainance

Every driver should be advised to take good care of their vehicle. We need to make sure our vehicle is in good condition and fix it as early as possible before traveling. It is better to be surprised and realize something is wrong while we are in the garage, than to realize the same thing while we are driving. If we are unsure of our own mobile car engineering skills, we should check our vehicle problems with the help of a mechanic. We should service our vehicles regularly as recommended by the manufacturer.

https://www.bharian.com.my/wanita/lain-lain/2019/09/603750/tingkat-pengetahuan-selenggara-kenderaan

SEARCH FOR INFORMATION, INFORMATION MANAGEMENT FOR SOLUTIONS (Synthesis and evaluation)

 STRENGHT AND WEAKNESS OF SOLUTIONS FOR ROAD ACCIDENT IN MALAYSIA

SOLUTION	STRENGHT	WEAKNESS
Reduce speed limit	Protect other road users	Causing a serious accident like death or severe disability
Use public transportation	·         Reduce traffic congestion ·         Save on daily expenses	·         Lack of investors and buyers in private vehicles ·         Long term / period of time
Keep the distance while driving	Be at a safe distance if use the emergency brake.	Did not have time to use the brakes because it was too close
Follow the rules	·         People more aware of rules from government ·         Transportation on the road can run smoothly	Every offender is compulsory to pay the summons for drivers who break the rules
Scheduled maintainance	Prevents continuous damage that is difficult to repair	·         Women are easily manipulated ·         Highly charged  ·         Exchanged unnecessary spare parts

IDENTIFY PROBLEM

What main situation or issues problem behind the topic?

Road Accidents and Fatalities in Malaysia

A road accident, often known as a "traffic collision" or a "motor vehicle accident," happens when a moving vehicle collides with another vehicle, a stationary object, a person, or an animal on a highway. These are seen as unanticipated and regrettable occurrence that poses a major threat to both the community and the authorities. Car accidents have major effects, including property damage and severe injuries or death in certain cases. All these things are going to cost a lot of money.

In terms of the method used to track road crashes and deaths, there are two types of crash data gathering. The Royal Malaysian Police (RMP) has authorised one and the Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Study has conducted research on the other (MIROS). RMP's investigation is based on the Road Transport Act of 1987 and covers all levels of collision severity on the spot. MIROS is a research-based technique to identify crash and injury variables that include human, engineering, and environmental elements, using two criteria: retrospective and on-the-spot analysis.

                                        Figure 1: Malaysia Road Accident 2010 - 2019

Figure 2: Malaysia Road Fatalities 2010 - 2019​​

Covid effect on road accidents

COVID-19 hit the world in 2020, and most governments used innovative methods to stop it from spreading, such as issuing a movement restriction order that prohibited inter-state travel. To combat the spread of COVID-19, Malaysia implemented the Movement Control Order (MCO) and Standard Operation Producers (SOP). In the early phases, commercial activities other than necessary business were permitted, and in the later stages, the government supported the use of a work-from-home system. In addition, schools and universities were shuttered, and home-based teaching and learning became the norm. COVID-19, in a nutshell, has impeded economic progress while also having a significant social impact. Nonetheless, reduced human mobility and commercial activity have provided the ecosystem with much-needed rest for it to recuperate.

The MCO has had a good influence on the reduction of road accident cases in Malaysia by restricting industrial activity and people's mobility on the road. For the first time since 1990, the rate of traffic accidents decreased significantly in 2020. The number of road accidents decreased by 26.3 percent in 2020 (to 418,237 incidents), compared to a 3.4 percent increase in 2019 (to 149,279 instances). Furthermore, 4,634 deaths were reported due to vehicle accidents in 2020, compared to 6,167 deaths the previous year. During the implementation of the MCO, there was a reduction of 1,533 fatalities.

Selangor had the most road accidents in 2020, with 123,230 occurrences, a reduction of 26.7 percent from the previous year (168,222 cases). Johor (58,207 instances) and W.P. Kuala Lumpur came in second and third, respectively (50,215 cases). Perlis (1,615 instances), Terengganu (9,152 cases), and Kelantan were the three states with the lowest number of road accident cases (9,752 cases).

Why or reason for the issue 

Accidents are caused by a variety of factors, including inattention, irresponsible driving, a lack of sufficient protection, speeding, bad personal habits, social and behavioural misbehaviour, and impolite drivers of larger cars. Motorcycle fatal accidents (60 percent) are a major source of worry in Malaysia. The vulnerable age category includes young children and older individuals.

Because of the large number of victims involved and the significance of the repercussions for individuals and their families, road traffic accidents are now regarded as a major public health hazard.

Driving Drunk or Under the Influence

Following a string of tragic road incidents involving drivers suspected of driving while drunk with alcohol, drink driving has resurfaced as a hot subject in Malaysia.

Drink driving incidents resulted in 539 people being critically hurt from 2011 to 2018, according to the same Transport Ministry statistics, and 595 people suffering minor injuries during the same eight-year period.

Beating the Red Light

Many drivers are unaware that the red signal does not indicate a need to accelerate. Its purpose is to encourage cars to slow down. When you consider that over half a million summonses were issued in KL in 2021 for running a red light, you can see how frequent the offence is. The dangers are not worth taking seriously.

Oleh Ahmad Hasbi - Mei 26, 2022 @ 5:23pm bhnews@bh.com.my

SEREMBAN: A Form Five student died after he was believed to have violated a red traffic light before crashing into a lorry while on his way to school at the Jalan Tunku Kursiah intersection, here, this morning.

Seremban District Police Chief, Assistant Commissioner Nanda Maarof said, in the incident at 8.45 am, the victim suffered severe head injuries and was confirmed dead at the scene.

"The accident involved a Honda RS150 motorcycle ridden by a 17 -year -old boy who is also a secondary school student in Sikamat was moving directly from Seremban towards Sikamat.

“Upon arriving at the scene, the victim was a motorcyclist suspected of ignoring a red traffic light.

How the problem happened

Our country is one of the countries with the highest number of deaths as a result

high accident. Road accidents have not only been devastating but also devastating

environment and facilities available on the road. So, there are many

the causes that we should study to understand the problem of road accidents so

can reduce this accident rate.

In general, what we can conclude as the cause of traffic accidents is due to the attitude of the individual himself. Although not all, but there are a handful of drivers or motorists who only think of themselves without caring about others. These people may think that they are a very efficient and prudent road user when in fact they are not.

It is enough for only one road user to behave like that, then the risk of accidents on the road that occur will increase even higher.

In our country, however, it can be observed that many individuals are irresponsible when they are on the road!

Reference: 

• https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/kes/2022/05/959640/langgar-lampu-isyarat-pelajar-tingkatan-5-maut-rempuh-lori
• https://www.mot.gov.my/en/land/safety/road-accident-and-facilities